![]() Further Neolithic finds were uncovered in 2010 during archaeological excavations of the former Goojerat Barracks. This included a pit found at Culver Street containing a ritually placed Neolithic grooved ware pot, and other find spots containing fragments of later Deverel-Rimbury bucket urns. ![]() In the 1980s an archaeological inventory showed that over 800 sherds of pottery from the Neolithic, Bronze Age and early Iron Age have been found within Colchester, along with many examples of worked flint. Further flint tools made by hunter gatherers living in the Colne Valley during the Mesolithic have been discovered, including a Tranchet axe from Middlewick. From these deposits beneath the town have been found Palaeolithic flint tools, including at least six Acheulian handaxes. The gravel hill upon which Colchester is built was formed in the Middle Pleistocene period, and was shaped into a terrace between the Anglian glaciation and the Ipswichian glaciation by an ancient precursor to the River Colne. ![]() It also served as an essential location for the medieval cloth trade. It was raided by the Vikings during the 9th and 10th centuries. It served as the first capital of Roman Britain and is the oldest recorded town in Britain. ( December 2019)Ĭolchester is a historic town located in Essex, England. Please consider expanding the lead to provide an accessible overview of all important aspects of the article. This article's lead section may be too short to adequately summarize the key points. ![]()
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